My Prehistoric Saga: Dino Bios: Carnotaurus.

Carnotaurus:
Carnotaurus' 2021 redesign based on skin impressions (Phys, 2021):

Time: 72.1-66 million years ago, Maastrichtian of the late Cretaceous period (possibly longer).
Place: South America.
Size: 32 feet (9.6 meters).
Diet: Carnivore.

Let's talk about my second favorite dinosaur: Carnotaurus!

Description:
Carnotaurus is an abelisaurid from Patagonia, South America (Bonaparte et al., 1990, "Abstract") (Ezcurra and Novas, 2016, pg. 150). It lived 72-66 million years ago (Ezcurra and Novas, 2016, p. 150) (Rafael Delcourt, 2018, Figure 1) (Leanza et al., 2004, p. 71), but it has been suggested to have lived possibly from the Campanian-Maastrichtian periods (83.6-72.1 million years ago) (Hendrickx and Bell, 2021, Materials and methods, para. 2). It was originally thought that Carnotaurus was discovered in the Gorro Frillo Formation (Bonaparte et al., 1990, "Abstract"), but now it is considered to have come from the La Colonia Formation (Ezcurra and Novas, 2016, p. 150) (Hendrickx and Bell, 2021, Materials and methods, para. 2).

Carnotaurus was 32 feet (9.6 meters) in length. It had a relatively big head with two horns above its eyes. It had arms and hands smaller than T. rex! It's arms also supported four-fingered hands. It supported two horns on the top of its eyes that faced forward.

Carnivorous theropod dinosaurs had enamel in their teeth, so they must have had lips to cover and protect their teeth (Reisz and Larson, 2016, pg. 64-66) (Blake Eligh, 2016) (Mindy Weisberger, 2016) (Emanuela Grinberg, 2016) (Phys, 2016). Therefore, Carnotaurus would have had lips covering its teeth. Interestingly, dinosaurs couldn't move its tongues (Mindy Weisberger, 2018) (ScienceDaily, 2018).

Prey:

Dinosaurs that were on the menu for Carnotaurus were the titanosaurs Saltasaurus (28-46 feet; 8.4-13.9 meters), Argyrosaurus (78 feet; 23.8 meters), and Puertasaurus; and the ornithopod Willinakaqe (24-25 feet; 7.2-7.7 meters).

Willinakaqe (Valieri et al., 2010) (Figure 2):

Top Predator:

Carnotaurus was an abelisaur, and was the top predator of its environment. The abelisaurs were subordinate to the carcharodontosaur family for most of the Cretaceous period. This is evident with Ekrixinatosaurus and Skorpiovenator being overpowered Giganotosaurus carolinii and G. (Mapusaurus) roseae. Rugops was subordinate to Carcharodontosaurus saharicus. When the carcharodontosaurs died out, the abelisaurs rose to power. This happened at the end of the Santonian. when the Campanian period began, the abelisaurs became the top predators.

Dinosaur (2000):
Carnotaurus from Dinosaur:

Carnotaurus was the main villain for one of my favorite childhood movies, Dinosaur. Originally, it was going to be T. rex, but it was changed to Carnotaurus (Donald R. Prothero, 2016, pg. 19). This explains why Carnotsaurus was so large in the film, compared to what it was in real life. Without this movie, I would have never known, or heard, of Carnotaurus. Carnotaurus hunts Aladar, and Iguanodon, in the film. Carnotaurus didn't hunt Iguanodon, since Iguanodon lived in Europe and in the early Cretaceous, but it probably hunted Willinakaqe.

Links:
Original Paper:

Bonaparte et al., (1990):

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272152515_Carnotaurus_sastrei_Bonaparte_the_Horned_Lightly_Built_Carnosaur_from_the_Middle_Cretaceous_of_Patagonia